MAKE YOUR BOOT-UP FASTER

Hello geeks, I am back with new ideas and concepts. Today I would like to share my own personal experience . While working on my college PC, one of my friend asked me that Linux is faster for working but whenever we start up our PC it's takes more time to boot up. Is any solution for it? I too was facing the same thing. So I found the solution for it. Linux takes time for booting just because it checks all the services installed in our Operating System. In fact many time we don't need all those services all the time, so better is to disable those unnecessary services.

INSTALL MULTIPLE SERVERS

Hello Linux lovers, today I am going to discuss about Servers Installation. Okay I am not going to show installation of every server that you need in your life, for example apache server,DNS server,PHP server etc. Instead of that I will show how to install all that servers in your workstation. Mainly we need server on Linux Server but it might be happens that you want to install those server on your Personal Computer for your commercial or Non-commercial usage.

When people start installation of server they don’t get any idea how to install that server. They started searching on Google and they find some commands to install it. But think is, when you want to install more servers that time finding commands to install each server is takes lots of time as well as you have to do more installations. Instead of doing this all kind of lengthy stuffs, we have a great command which make your installation so much easier than previous tasks.

TASKSEL is a command which helps you to install top 20 servers in your PC. TASKSEL is by default installed in Ubuntu Servers, but we can install it in your PC also by using command sudo apt-get install tasksel .

Fig:- Installing tasksel

After installing tasksel you can view it’s manual page also on terminal by typing man tasksel. When you use tasksel command in terminal it will show you all the top 20 server names. To install those servers use space button to select your server, then click on OK button and those servers that you have selected for installation they will start installing in your system. This is a easier way to install servers on your system, I hope it will help you.

Fig :- Installing Selected Servers

OPENSSH-SERVER

SSH is program to login into remote computer in Network. You can have all accessibility when you logged into remote computer. This is done by Linux terminal. You can also login from Windows to Linux System but you must have the Public key and password of the remote System, but for Linux you just need password of remote system. As I mention in the  beginning of this blog SSH is a program from which you can login into remote System. But it is must that Remote System must have Openssh-server installed in its system.

You can read more about SSH program by typing “man ssh” on your Linux terminal, as shown below.

Fig :1

In above image you can see at left most corner is given “SSH(1)”, that 1 means its “Executable programs or shell commands”. In Linux there are different types of programs that run on Linux Terminal. For example there is one command that is “kill()” which can be use for two different purposes.

You can check program type by typing on terminal “man man”, it shows following output on terminal as below.

Fig : 2

As mention we must have Openssh-server on Remote system, following is an example for installing Openssh-server in your system.

For installing openssh-server:

    sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Fig :3

You can also download openssh-server(any package) instead of installing it for later use.

For downloading openssh-server:

        sudo apt-get download openssh-server

Fig:4

Now, to connect to remote System you have to type on your terminal,

          ssh -4 IP_Address_of_Remote_System

Fig:5

In above command I used “-4”, which indicate that it's a IPV4, for IPV6 use “-6”. When you'll try to login into Remote host, it will ask for the Remote account password for security purpose. After logged into Remote Host you can have all access to Remote host on your terminal. But for Administrative or root access you must know it's password. To access as Administrative or root you can switch to that account by typing on terminal:

      su account_name

It will ask you the password for the same account. After entering into that account you can have access as Admin or root.

Many times it happened that you login as Admin but you can't use some commands like poweroff . So for that purpose just try following command,

       sudo poweroff

Here, it will ask for the Admin Account password, type it and then you can use some of the root command easily.

How to Tweet from Linux Terminal

Twitter is a great social networking site and many of us has being addicted to it. But as on twitter we mostly do tweeting which is a text part so why not we tweet while we're working in the Linux terminal .It's quite of fun.

You can do this with Twidge. Twidge is a terminal client for microblogging sites such as Twitter. Twidge is a simple Twitter client for the Linux command line. There are also some other command line Twitter clients, but Twidge is simple and easy to install.

Twidge is available in the 11.10 repositories so if you are using 11.10 version then simply installs it by the following command:-

    sudo apt-get install twidge

Or you can download it from Ubuntu software centre.

                                                     Fig: 1

But if you are using any other version of Ubuntu, you need to manually add the repositories for Twidge.

Do the following commands:-

    sudo gedit /etc/apt/source.list

Append the following line at the end of the text

    deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian squeeze main

Save this repository to your source.list to be able to download Twidge. Then you can install it from the command line. Run the following commands:-

    sudo apt-get update

  

    sudo apt-get install twidge

Now after installing Twidge, you have to do the set up of Twidge. You can do this by the following command:-

  

     twidge setup

                                                     Fig: 2

As shown in above fig, Twidge setup will generate an URL for the authentication. Copy that URL and paste it in your browser, then it will ask you for your login stuffs, just login and it will generate an authentication code. Now you have to just enter the generated authentication code in your terminal and enter and then you are done. After that you can get ready to tweet.

To update your status you can run the following command:-

       twidge update

And then type your status. The status should be of 140 characters limit that much Twidge allows.

You can check your replies by the following command:-

 

       twidge lsreplies

You can check the recent updates by the following command:-

 

       twidge lsrecent

There are many other commands for follow, unfollow. For that you can check into man pages by following command

    man twidge

Or, you can use lscommands to see the full list of commands at a glance.

   twidge lscommands.

Have fun with the new style of updating your twitter.

APTonCD – Create Backup of Any Installed Packages in Ubuntu

The most common method that is used to carry out installation of any sort of additional packages in Ubuntu is the apt-get. The apt-get following the name of the software package you specified to install, it searches for that particular software from the Internet and if found, apt-get downloads and installs it on your system. But there is a tool which allows you to install the download packages on your system without downloading. The tool named, APTonCd, which is a graphical tool that allows you to create one or more CDs or DVDs of all the packages that you’ve downloaded via apt-get and thus creates a removal repository that you can use on other computers with a single action. The main advantage of APTonCD is that you don’t have to download the packages again if you are doing a fresh installation on your or other systems. You can restore the previously installed programs easily. Let’s see how we can do this in Ubuntu.

Installation:

First you have to install APTonCD.

You can install APTonCD from the Ubuntu Software Center.

                                         Fig1.Search APTonCD from Ubuntu Software Center

Or you can install it through your terminal. Run the following command:

         sudo apt-get install aptoncd

                  Fig2.Install APTonCD through terminal

Once installation is complete, you can launch it from the Dash.                             

                                                      Fig3.Launch APTonCD from Dash             

Backing up Packages:

After you launch it, you can see the following window. Click “Create” button to create a disc with your downloaded, cached deb packages on it. This copies packages from your APT cache located in the /var/cache/apt/archives/directory to the disc.

                                                Fig4.Starting screen to Create the backup.  

Next step is to select the packages which you would like to write to the disk. By default it selects all the packages but you can deselect them if you don’t want those packages to be written on the disc. And also you can add some additional packages you want by clicking the Add button.

                                                      Fig5.Selecting the packages.   

Once you have selected your packages then click the Burn button.

After you get a Window that allows you to select a CD or DVD image, give it a name and the location for the ISO image file, and select optionally create a meta-package.

                                          Fig6.Specifying the installation disc properties.

Click the Apply button and APTonCD will create an ISO image at the location you specified.                                               

                                                 Fig7.Creating the ISO image.


                                                      Fig8.Scanning the packages.

Once the image is created, you can have APTonCD launch a disc-burning application, Such as Brasero, to burn it to a disc immediately. You can burn the ISO image later also. And if you don’t have a disc drive, then there is nothing to worry, you can also save the ISO image as a file and you can transport it using a USB drive between computers.

                                                     Fig9.Burning the packages to the disc

Installing All Packages:

If you burnt the image to disc, you can insert it into your drive by opening it in a file manager window, and double-click the package named ”aptoncd-metapackage” to install it. This will install all packages available on the disc. The package will not be present if you didn’t have APTonCD create a meta-package.

                                                       Fig10.Selecting the aptoncd-metapackage.

If you have not burn into a disc and you have just an ISO image then you can mount it as a disc and install the packages from it.

Adding a Disc as a Repository:

The File -> Add CD/DVD option in APTonCD adds the disc to APT as a software source. The disc will be used as a repository in APT, so you can install packages from it using Synaptic, apt-get, or any other package management tools, even if you’re offline.

                                             Fig11.Adding CD or DVD as APT source.

Restoring Packages to Cache:

Before you click on the Load Button on the restore screen, you have to install the hal package on your system. To do so, run the following command:

                 sudo apt-get install hal

                   Fig12.Installing the hal packages.

Restart APTonCD after running this command and you’ll be able to restore packages by Restore button. You can restore packages to any of your system.

                                                       Fig13.Load the packages.

Use the Load button on the Restore screen to specify a disc drive or ISO image file.

                                                 Fig14.Selecting an ISO image.