Algorithm
is simply a set of rules used to perform some tasks. In computer
terminology algorithm is collection of instructions occurring in some
specific sequence and such algorithm defines decision making, flow of
data etc.
Algorithm
is step done before implementing program in computer, because
algorithm helps to design code for programm. After implementation of
programm it is compiled by computer compiler and then programm will
run. Also important point about algorithm is when program is run it
may ask for input data and perform desired action. Following figure 1
shows process of writing programm code.
 |
| Figure: steps of implementing code |
Algorithm
section is divided int two parts:
- Algorithm Heading:- It consist of title of algorithm, problem description and input and output.
- Algorithm Body:-It consist of logical body of algorithm i.e conditional statement, assignments statements and others statement.
There
are some standered way to write algorithms we are discussing in
following section:
- The complete algorithm comes under one main procedure body. The title of algorithm must be specified after keyword “Algorithm” and then the parameters of the method.
Ex:
Algorithm name_of _procedure(p1,p2,p3------Pn)
- Then heading section include problem description,input and output.
- The compound statement should included in {} brackets.
- For assignments operators use <-
- There other various types of operators such as ” <,>,<=,>=,=, != ”.
- The input and output can written by using menthods : read(“Message”) and write(“Message”).
- The conditional statement written as :
if(condition) then statement else statement - The while loop can be written as:
while(condition)do
{
Statement 1
Statement 2
:
:
- The for loop can be written as:
Statement
n
}
for
var<-val1 to val2 do
{
Statement
1
Statement
2
:
:
Statement
n
}
Lets
take an example for writing algorithm for multiplication of two
numbers:
Algorithm
mul (5,2)
//problem Description:Algorithm for finding multiplication of no 5 //and 2.
//Input:Two
numbers
//Output:Multiplication
of 5 and 2
result<-
(5*2)
