What is Open Source explained in LEGO

Open Source Basics

Downloading and installing MongoDB on windows

        Downloading and installing MongoDB is very simple and easy. Before you download MongoDB for your Windows you should know which version of Windows you’re using and to run MongoDB on your system also make sure that you’re using windows newer version than Windows XP.

    To check which version of Windows your using enter following command in terminal:-

wmic os get osarchitecture

It will show your windows architecture as shown in below image:-

Downloading and installing MongoDB involves following three steps:-

1.     Download zip file
2.     Extract the file
3.     Setup the environment 

Introduction to MongoDB

     MongoDB is new generation document oriented NoSQL database. It is open source product and developed and supported by company 10gen (Now Mongo Inc.). MongoDB is available under GNU Affero General Public License and Apache License. 10gen created MongoDB in 2007 and its first product release was MongoDB 1.4 in 2009.

       Its definition given by 10gen:- “MongoDB is a scalable, open source, high performance, document oriented database.” 

            MongoDB is most popular document oriented NoSQL databases now days. To know more about NoSQL database and its categories read my previous blogs.

MongoDB is adopted by many mejor companies including eBay, The New York Times, CERN, SAP, MetLife, MTV, Forbes, Sourceforge, Codecademy, Shutterfly, Foursquare and more.

 MongoDB provides following features:-

• Ad hoc queries:- It supports search by field and regular expression search.
• Indexing:- Any field in mongodb can be indexed.
• Replication:- Supports master-slave replication. A master can perform           read-write and a slave copies data from the master and can only be used          for read or backup.
•  Duplication of data:-Data duplication to keep the system up and running     in case of hardware failure.
•  Scalability:- New machines can be added to run a database.
•  Automatic Load Balancing:- Data is split into range and shared across        multiple nodes.
• File storage:- Could be used as a file system taking advantage of load balancing and data replication.
•  Aggregation:-MapReduce is available. Offers similar functionality as SQL GROUP by clause. 
•  JavaScript execution:-Can use JavaScript functions.
• Special support for location:- Understands longitude and latitude.

   

NoSQL Databases

       NoSQL is next generation DBMS which is used to store and retrieve the data which does not have specific format or table like structure. NoSQL database is also called as “Not only SQL” to emphasize that it does not use SQL language but It uses SQL-like language. The original intension has been modern web scale databases. The movement began in early 2009 and growing rapidly. NoSQL databases are mostly addressing some of the points:-

·         Non-relational

·         Distributed

·         Open source

·         Horizontally scale

          As we Know there are different types of Database Management System and RDBMS is most commonly used database management system. If we go back in history, first flat file systems were created then in 1970's Codd came up with Relational theory and based on that relational databases were developed. The problem was that in flat file system there was no standard way of storing data and no standard way of communicating with data. Everybody has implementing their own protocol and that was creating lots of inefficiency. So relational database standardized the way we communicate with database. Then life moved on and everything was going well and suddenly, we entered into Big data scenario. Relational databases are unable to handle huge amount of data so the answer was “NoSQL”. So NoSQL was created because of limitations of relational databases.

     The data is structured in relational databases. We have to define table structure in advance, we have to tell the system in advance like table will have 10 rows and 10 columns and each column will take particular data type and this would be the maximum value one can enter and so on. This way we can't handle unstructured data where there is no fixed format or format is always changing. So NoSQL handles both structured and unstructured data.

-NoSQL focused to provide:

·         Scalability

·         Performance

·         High Availability

·         Simple API

·         Schema free

·         Easy replication support

·         Eventually consistent(not ACID)

      NoSQL can handle large amount of data.  As data is keep on growing it provides scalability and high availability in terms of hardware failure. Ability of NoSQL is to handle large amount of data with amazing performance with comparison they offers less functionality than RDBMS.

     NoSQL is category which can be commonly further divided into three categories given below with example:

·         Key Value Store : Memcached,Coherence, Redis

·         Tabular : BigTable,Hbase,Accumulo

·         Document oriented : Mango,CouchDB,Cloudant

If you search you will find more categories. Here is the list of some:

·         Column store/Column family

·         Document store

·         Key value store/Tuple sore

·         Graph database

·         Multimodel database

·         Object database

·         Grid and Cloud solution

·         XML database

·         Multidimensional database

·         Event sourcing

·         Network model

·         Other NoSQL related databases

·         Unsolved and uncategorized

      So what is missing from NoSQL databases if you compare them with relational databases? Well Joins are not there because of this joins relational databases are not so scalable. So in NoSQL databases this functionality is not implemented hence scalability and performance comes in. The support for complex transaction is not there for example you can’t not do insert three records then update two records and check something if it’s not then rollback everything. Again constraint support is not there. Transaction support and constraint support is not there on database level but transaction support and constraint support can be applied on application level.

 What are the situations or scenarios where one can use NoSQL database?

·         The ability to store and retrieve great quantity of data is important.

·         Storing relationship between elements is not important.

·         Dealing with growing list of elements, example: Twitter post, Internet server logs, Blogs.

·         The data is not structured or the structure is changing with the time.

·          Prototype or fast application need to be developed

·         Constraints and validation logic is not required to be implemented in database.

What are the situations or scenarios where not to use NoSQL database?

·         Complex transactions need to be handled

·         Joins must be handled by databases

·         Validations must be handled by databases

  

     

Introduction to Hadoop

                    Hadoop is framework of Linux based set of tools. It is not any software that you can download on your computer and say "Hey, I have downloaded Hadoop". It is an open source tool and it is freely distributed under Apache license. It means no company is controlling Hadoop, It is maintain by Apache. The concept behind the Hadoop is big data.

Women in Linux

Hello readers, today I am not going to tell you about some tricks and tweaks in Linux, instead I want to come forward with the issue of Women in Linux. As you all might know that Linux has been developing and growing so fast. People also has great influence about Linux and are pretty much interested in Linux, but among them many would be men, why women are not included in this very much ?

The basic reason might be like women are not so much interested in technologies; they are just using it not knowing much about it. Some women might think that it is good to stay away from Linux. Some might feel that other FOSS contributors will not treat them respectfully or they don’t want to be the only woman in the group. There are also many women who are interested in Linux and other technologies, but are always demoralized because they are women.

But these reasons make no sense. We, women can do lot of stuffs but just have to be more confident. Why to feel that we are less capable then men and why to raise the gender issues. Why to still have that kind of mentality which will pull us down. Instead we women should also encourage other women to join with Linux. There are many Open Source Foundations that have started programs for women so that women can join the community and can feel the friendly environment, like GNOME Foundation’s Outreach Program for Women, which offers internship program where women can learn and can explore themselves about Linux. Then there is a program that supports women in Open Source through GitHub and Ada initiative partnership to give away free private source code repositories to women learning open source software. The main goal of this program was to increase diversity in open source software and to give women a chance to grow their programming skills in private before participating in mainstream open source community. So there are many such programs that Open Source has dedicated to women so that they take more interest in Linux and the percentage of women working in Linux increases.

So I would say if Linux is taking so many efforts to include the women in their community, why we should not take a step ahead and start learning and practicing it. It’s not so difficult, that women can’t learn about Linux and Open Source. There are many women who are doing a great job in Open Source like Mitchell Baker – Chairperson of the Mozilla Foundation and Chairperson and former Chief Executive Officer of Mozilla Corporation, Kristen Carlson Accardi – Linux kernel hacker, Linux kernel subsystem maintainer and there are many more.

So we should encourage more and more women to include in open source community by giving directions and explain them clearly, encouraging them in computing, not criticizing women, acting friendly, and discussing topics about Linux and there are many more ways also.

I hope by reading this, at least few women should get involved with Linux and start learning and developing their skills in Linux.