top and htop shell command

Every one knows that Process means program in execution and in Linux everything is works by processes. So it's important to have good knowledge of Process Management/Process Handling. Here Process Management doesn't means that we learned during our academic years in subject called Operating System or Advance Operating System, it means, simply working on process or handling it on Terminal/GNOME-Terminal.

I am writing this blog for those Mind-Hunter's who are crazy to work on Linux Terminal. See, it's simply impossible to know everything in Linux, because Linux has 1000's of Distro for different purpose but still we are crazy to learn new things and that is good.

Now back to main topic, we know that if any one wants to know about process details during execution of Process or simply when Process is running, we always suggest or use top command in terminal. Thats shows following output on terminal.

Fig:- Output of top

In above fig, we can see all processes are running but you can also check a particular process information by using top with it's option -p . But again we have to use top command and have to check for the process ID, instead of doing this you can use pgrep command to know the process ID. Normaly pgrep is use to find the process ID of any process, for this you just have to follow following command.

pgrep 'process name'

Fig:- Output of pgrep

Now to check information of single process using top command follow this command,

top -p 'process_id'

Fig:- Output of top for single process

There are many other options are also available you can try them also. To check documentation of top command typr man top on Gnome-terminal.

Top is a great command to work with runtime processes but I will suggest to use htop command. htop is almost same as top command but htop have some advance facilities for us. htop show cpu, memory and swap usage in better way.

Fig:-Output of htop

You can also modify the look of htop by using it's setup option. To do so type shift+c and you will move to setup , as per your need you can make changes in htop and to exit setup press Esc button. htop have more powerful option you can also try them. To see documentation of htop type man htop. It also have some short cut options that shown below when you use htop(i.e. Function keys).

Fig:- Setup of htop

INSTALL FONTS IN UBUNTU

In current era, Windows users are migrating from Windows os to Linux Operating System. Because everything which we had in windows, are also available in all Linux distros, with some great features. And if we don’t have sort of things available in Linux os then we can easily install it in Linux and also we can access Windows software’s through Wine.

Most probably when Windows users are migrated to Linux they have problem with fonts, which are available in Windows but not in Linux. This problem can be solved in two ways. First way is that we can directly download the required fonts and second way is that we can install those fonts through Linux Terminal.

First Way: - Download and Install Fonts. (Install Book-Antiqua font in Ubuntu 11.10)

Step 1:- Download Fonts from http: //font.downloadatoz.com/download,3959,book-antiqua-for-linux.html

Step 2: - Open .Zip file with Archive Manager.

 

Fig1 : Opening of .zip file

 Step 3: - Extract .Zip file as shown below. 
 

Fig2 : Extracting file

 Step 4: - Select Location to extract file.
 

Fig3: Selection of Location

 Step 5: - Extract file. (Wait until its shows extraction complete successfully)

Fig4: After Extracting a file

 Step 6: - Open Font file and Click on Install font and wait for some time, after installation of font, it will show “Installed”.

Fig5: Installing of font

 Step 7:- For checking font is installed or not open Libre Office Writer and check font in your font List.

Fig : Libre Office Writer

Second way:-

I will recommend you to install the Microsoft TrueType core fonts. To install them type the following command on a terminal:

              sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts
 

This will install fonts like Arial, Times New Roman and other Microsoft proprietary fonts. It will not however install Tahoma. Sometimes this server is really busy or down so be patient.

Also there are some Java fonts like Lucida that you can install. This requires the 1.5 JRE to be installed. To install them type the following in a terminal.

             sudo apt-get install sun-java5-fonts

All the fonts you will use in Ubuntu are stored in two places:-
1->/usr/share/fonts
2-> ~/.fonts

I recommend you install them in the First Location. Reason behind is that if you install them to your /home directory they will not be accessible from another account on the computer. So you can directly install all your fonts in above locations. I hope it will help you.